ENERGY APPROACH TO DESCRIPTION OF PROCESSES AND SOLVING ELECTRICITY PROBLEMS

Abstract

Formulation of the problem. Due to the universality of the law of conservation of energy, the energy approach can be used to describe all physical processes and solve problems. The energy approach has advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of the work is to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the energy approach to describing the processes and solving problems of electricity.

Materials and methods. The internal force that occurs in a flat capacitor when changing the relative position of the plates based on energy and dynamic approaches, the operation of this force and the change in energy of the capacitor for cases of its connection and disconnection from the current source were determined.

Results. In the case of a disconnected charged capacitor from the source, the internal force is the pondemotor force of attraction of differently charged plates. When the capacitor is connected to a current source, the field strength of the capacitor has two components, which are due to a change in charge and a change in capacity. The nature of these forces is explained on the basis of a dynamic approach.

Conclusions. The energy approach, both phenomenological and macroscopic, allows you to easily determine the internal forces acting in the system, their work and change the energy of the system, but does not reveal the nature of these forces and the mechanism of their action. The application of the dynamic method allows not only to determine the forces acting in the system, but also to reveal their nature and mechanism of action. But this approach requires a deeper insight into the essence of physical phenomena and processes and it can not always be applied due to the impossibility or difficulty of determining the force and its dependence on changes in the system.